She is the goddess for marital felicity and longevity
She is the first consort of Lord Shiva and the second being Parvati, who is the second incarnation of Sati
Sati and Parvati are the two people behind bringing lord Shiva from isolation to creative participation with the world
6. Draupadi
The most important female character in the epic Mahabharata
She is called Draupadi because she is the daughter of Drupada
India has never been a racist country right from times, she was also called Krishne due to her dark complexion
There are a lot of myths about Draupadi
She did not reject Karna in the Swayamvara
She did not insult Duryodhana when he fell waist-deep in Pandavas illusionary palace
When Krishna kills Shishupala using his Sudarshana Chakra, a little blood oozes out of his fingers once the Chakra comes back to Krishna. It is the cloth that she lends to comfort Krishna that comes back to her at the time of disrobing her, by Dushasana
She was abducted by Jayadratha when all the Pandavas had gone for hunting leaving her alone. When the Pandavas came to know, Jayadratha leaves her on the road and flees, but gets caught. For the sake of Dussala and Gandhari, Bhima spares Jayadratha
Kichaka filled with lust asks Draupadi to marry him. Then planning with Pandavas, Draupadi asks Kichaka to come to a place where Bhima goes, fights and kill him
She accompanies their husbands through their journey towards the Himalayas at the end of Mahabharata, where she falls down due to being impartial to Arjuna
7. Kannagi
Daughter of merchant and Ship captain Manayakan from Puhar
She marries the son of Macattuvan, Kovalan, a sea traders’ family
When her husband meets a dancer, he develops an affair with her. Moreover, he starts spending all his money on the dancer and becomes penniless.
Realizing his mistake, he returns to Kannagi, hoping of recouping the fortune by trade in Madurai, he plans to sell Kannagi’s precious anklet
Pandyan King, the then king, doubts the anklet to be his queen’s. Without any trial, the king immediately beheads her husband
Furious about this Kannagi proves her husband is innocent, followed by which the king commits suicide. Kannagi further curses that Madurai be burnt to ashes
On request of Goddess Meenakshi, she calms down and attains salvation
8. Gargi
Ancient Indian philosopher honored as a great natural philosopher
She was a renowned expounder of the VedasThe daughter of sage Vachaknu in the lineage of Sage Garga, she was named as Gargi Vachaknavi
Her keen interest in Vedic scriptures from a very young age made her very proficient in the fields of philosophy
Also known as Brahmavadini, a person with knowledge of Brahma Vidya
Participating in the philosophic debate organized by King Janaka, she challenges the sage Yajnavalkya questioning about the issue of atman
She was knowledgeable both in Vedas and Upanishads
Gargi was honored as one of the Navaratnas in the court of Janaka Maharaj of Mithila
9. Meera
She was born to a Rajput royal family of Kudki district of Pali
She was a sixteenth-century mystic poet
Known for fearless disregard for social and family conventions were;
Her devotion to Krishna
Her treating Krishna as her husband
She being persecuted by her in-laws for her religious devotion
For all the above reasons she has been the subject of numerous folk-tales
Thousands of poems are attributed to Meera, but many of them are written by her admirers
She was married to Bhoj Raj, the crown prince of Mewar in 1516
Her husband was wounded in a war between Hindus and Muslims in 1518, and subsequently died in 1521
Her in-laws tried to kill Meera for her devotion many times like poisoning her or send her snakes in a basket. But, she survived all this every time it was done
10. Durgavati
She was born to king Keerat Rai who belonged to the family of Chandel at the fort of Kalinjar, Banda, Uttar Pradesh
She was the ruling queen of Gondwana from 1550 until 1564
Dalpat Shah, her husband died when his son Vir Narayan was at a very young age
This resulted in Rani Durgavati taking the reigns herself. Her administration was commendable
After fighting battles and winning against Islamic invaders, a time came when she had to fight a Mughal General, Khwaja Abdul Majid Asaf Khan, who was a general from Akbar’s army
Even though she knew that the armies were no match, she and her young son fought fearlessly, but Rani Durgavati was gravely injured and fell unconscious
On gaining consciousness, knowing that she was bound to get defeated, she killed herself, showing to the nation that she did not want to live a life full of slavery
लक्ष्मीरहल्या चन्नम्मा रुद्रमाम्बा सुविक्रमा निवेदिता सारदा च प्रणम्या मातृदेवताः ॥
11. Lakshmi Bai
Born on 19 November 1828 in the town of Varanasi into a Marathi Karhade Brahmin
Her birth name was Manikarnika Tambe, Tambe her surname. She was nicknamed Manu
Her mother died when she was four years old and her father worked for Peshwa of Bithoor district
She was a very playful child and hence added to her name is “Chhabili” meaning Playful
She was taught back at home the following skills
Shooting
Horsemanship
Fencing
Mallakhamb
She was taught along with her childhood friends – Nana Sahib and Tatya Tope
When she was married to the Maharaja of Jhansi, Raja Gangadhar Newalkar in 1842, afterward she was called in the name of Lakshmi Bai
After four months of giving birth to a boy named Damodar Rao, he died, so the couple adopted their relative named Anand Rao and named him Damodar Rao, on the day before Maharaja died
Due to British politics, his son was not allowed to be the king. She was given an annual pension of Rs. 60000/- and was ordered to leave the palace
But she managed to fight against the Britishers by carrying her young son on her lap sitting on her horse
12. Ahilya Bai Holkar
Ahilyabai was born to Mankoji Shinde on May 31, 1725, in the village of Chondi, Taluka Jamkhed District, in Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. Her father, was the Patil of the village, a member of the proud Dhangar community.
Ahilya’s husband, Khanderao, died in the battle of Kumher in 1795
She got rid of the thugs who sought to plunder the kingdom, personally leading her army into the battle
During her reign, she sentenced her only son, found guilty of a capital offense, to death by crushing him using an elephant
She has built a lot of temples in various places of the country which Hindus even today use to worship
13. Keladi Chennamma
She was the daughter of Siddappa Shettar a native merchant of Sagara, Karnataka
She married Somashekara Nayaka, the king of Keladi, that was formed after the fall of Vijayanagara Empire
After ten years of her marriage, Somashekara Nayaka died and she was in charge of the kingdom
During her reign of 25 years, she repelled the advance of the Mughal army led by Aurangzeb, from her military base in Sagara
She also rendered a trade agreement between Portuguese
She was the monarch of the Kakatiya Dynasty in the Deccan Plateau from 1263 until her death
She is said to have ruled the kingdom along with her father Ganapatideva.
After marrying a member of the Chalukya Dynasty, Virabhadra, there was no participation of Virabhadra in administration at all. This clearly indicates that the marriage was political enforcement by her father
She was succeeded by her daughter’s son Prataparudra
15. Bhagini Nivedita
Born as Margaret Elizabeth Noble, on 28 Oct 1867, she was an:
Born in the Treta Yuga to Dasharatha and Kausalya, he was a Maryada Purushottam who followed all rules and principles of dharma to bring back his wife Sita
Ravan, before the beginning of the war, performs pooja and blesses Rama to win the battle as a priest
At the time of Rama and Ravana battle the Devatas request Rama not to pardon Ravana at any cost, knowing the qualities of a Maryada Purushottam
He showed even a single person uncomfortable with something has to be tested in democracy
A great brother of Lord Srirama, who was the son of Kaikeyi. He gets stuck in a dilemma and supports righteousness, that is in the side of Rama and listens to his elder brother through and through
Not wanting to be the king as opposed to what her mother wants, Bharata meets Rama at a forest only to go back and rule the kingdom with his Paduka on the Simhasan and rule
A brother who did not even have a little amount of ego, even when given the whole kingdom to rule, surrendered and put everything under his brother’s control following Dharma
19. Krishna
The most looked upon god in India for his wits, naughtiness, management, administration, counseling, strategy, decisions and whatnot.
He knew how to get things done, no matter what
Showed that the vision of a longer motive that is good is more important than short-termed, self-centric motives.
Was not involved in any of self-centric strategies, he was only bothered about the welfare of the society and Dharma
Forgave small selfish acts of Pandavas, seeing in them a bigger picture of principles and good intentions they followed, so started mentoring them
Showed to the world that for self-liberation we cannot forget our duty
The eighth and last son of Kuru king Shantanu and Ganga
Bheeshma Pratijna, a well-known oath that Bheeshma is famous for
Following the oath he followed celibacy throughout his life
He was blessed with a “wish long life”
Both Pandavas and Kauravas were related to him
Vishnu Sahasranama was a contribution of Bhishma who handed it over to Yudhistira
21. Dharmaraya
The eldest son of Pandu and Kunti
Initially the king of Indraprastha and later Hastinapur
Being the elder brother of Arjuna, Bheema, Nakula, and Sahadeva, he was the leader from Pandava side in the Kurukshetra war
He was the only one to ascend heaven without any problems for his good character and deeds
He was also blessed with the spiritual vision
22. Arjuna
The middle Pandava was the younger brother of Yudhishtira and Bhima
He won the heart of Draupadi by his great presentation on his archery
Arjuna was the central character who was blessed with the Bhagavad Gita from Lord Vishnu himself in the incarnation of Krishna
Though he was a little more proud of his Gandiva, his trust in Lord Krishna and the righteous path made him reach where he had to
He lost one of his bravest sons, Abhimanyu, in his absence, in Kurukshetra war Chakravyuha
23. Markandeya
Born to a sage Mrikandu Rishi and wife Marudamati on a condition
An extremely intelligent son who will die young
A not so intelligent son who will live longer
Since the rishi selected the former, an extremely intelligent Markandeya was born, who was destined to be dead by his 16th year
On the day of his destined death, Markandeya was worshipping Lord Shiva with complete devotion that when Yama himself came to take him away, mistakenly sprung the noose around Lord Shiva.
This lead to a big fight between angry shiva and Yama. Lord Shiva won the fight and granted a life forever to Markandeya
24. Harishchandra
The truthful king that relied only on truth and nothing but that
His truthfulness attracted rishis and devatas who involved themselves to test this great king of his truthfulness
After a lot of trials in his life like him losing the kingdom, power, money, and finally his own child and wife, he stood to be an epitome of truth
Mahatma Gandhi saw his piece of drama, got inspired and never spoke a lie
He moves from one place to another in the speed of mind
Narada is said to be born to a maid on earth for his misbehavior from his Gandharva times
He gained knowledge from one of the rishis who came to his place
Lord Vishnu gave him boons and in his next birth he became an ascetic who observed celibacy
When he started sitting in one place and preaching celibacy to one and all, Prajapati cursed him not to sit in one place, so he cannot stay in a single place for more than 45 mins
27. Dhruva
Born to King Uttanapada and first wife Suniti, the king was always in favor of his second wife and her son Uttama
Dhruva was not allowed to even sit on his father’s lap due to the assumption of he becoming the future king as he was the first child
This made Dhruva angry who left to the forest for penance against the advice of Sage Narada
When Dhruva had no food, no water for six months, Lord Vishnu appeared before him and asked him for a wish
He, being an uneducated child, did not even know how to sing praises of the Lord. So he asked for the knowledge of Stuti (hymn) to praise the Lord
Since he had renounced everything and did not have any desire as such, he is given the most revered seat of a star
One of the Saptarishis (the seven great rishis of India)
He is called as the first sage of Vedanta school of Hindu philosophy by none other than Shankaracharya himself
Yoga Vasishtha, Vasishtha Samhita, some parts and version of Vishnu Purana and Agni Purana are some texts that are credited to him
He was the one who possessed the two holy cows in the Hindu tradition, the Kamadhenu and her daughter Nandini
These two holy cows would handover anything that the owner would ask for, which lead to major conflicts with some Kings
32. Shuka Deva
Shuka was churned out of a fire stick after hundred years of Mahabharata austerity by Vyasa
He was born with ascetic powers and Vedas imbibed in him
He was the son of the sage Vyasa and was the main narrator of the Bhagavat Purana
He narrated the entire Bhagavat Purana to the dying king Parikshita who had committed certain mistakes both as a king and as a normal human being
He is said to have achieved Moksha the liberation by renouncing the world
33. Bali Chakravarti
He was also called as Mahabali and was the son of Cirochana who was a benevolent Daitya King and the grandson of Prahlada
With a sense of little pride that was visible after he conquered Devatas, he was sent to Patala Loka after Vishnu took the form of Vamana Avatara
Bali after agreeing to share his wealth to the three steps of Vamana never stepped back on his words
When Vishnu grew and grew to an extent that he stepped one on earth, the other on Devaloka, Bali offered himself as the third step (complete surrender)
For this, Lord Vishnu, please by his act, sent him to Patala and made him the king there
Onam is celebrated to mark his visit from Patala to earth on that day and Bali Padyami is named after this great demon king on which date the Vamana Avatara happened
34. Dadhichi
He is also called by the names Dadhyancha or Dadhyanga, a name derived from two Sanskrit words
Dadhya is curds and Ancha means parts, bringing meaning to the body parts created by the strength of the curds
It is said that after being driven out of Svarga by the demon serpent king named Vritra, the devas needed a powerful weapon to fight the demon
The weapon could only be made from the bones of Dadhichi. Knowing this, when Devendra came to Dadhichi and asked him about this, without forethought, he agreed
This is considered to be the ultimate form of sacrifice to mankind from Dadhichi
He is considered to be the first of the architects in the whole universe.
He created and taught the mankind of building the ancient monuments and architectures in the country being the personification of ultimate reality and deity of the creative power
According to Rigveda, he is the architect or divine engineer who is said to have been the brain behind the engineering of the universe even before the advent of time
The ultimate reality is visualized to be Vishwakarma who is later developed as Brahma from whose navel all visible things Hiranyagarbha emanate
36. Prithu
Prithu is a great king named in the Vedic scriptures of ancient India
There are twenty-four incarnations of Lord Vishnu, one of whom is said to be Prithu
Prithvi, the name of mother earth is said to be derived from the word Prithu
He was the person who was instrumental in giving earth the form as it is today by chasing mother earth who fled in the form of the holy cow
After chasing and catching hold of mother earth, she eventually agreed to yield her milk as the world’s grain and vegetation
Both Mahabharata and Vishnu Purana considers him as an avatar of Lord Vishnu
Valmiki was born to a brahmin named Pracheta or Sumali of Bhrigu gotra, his initial name being Agni Sharma
When he met Narada and wanted him to teach him about his regular duties, Narada advised him to utter the word Mara and penance
Happy about this, Agni Sharma went and penanced chanting the word, Mara. After a few years, the word turned around to become Rama and anthills (known as Valmika in Sanskrit) were formed on Agni Sharma, which eventually changed his name to Valmiki
He is the author of a 480002 words’ scripture called Ramayana
38. Bhargava (Parashurama)
Born to the sage Jamadagni and his wife Renuka, his is said to be a Saraswat Brahim
He opposes all kshatriyas after encountering one kshatriya king called Kartaviryarjuna, who enforces the Kamadhani that his father possessed and takes it away.
Enraged by this Parashurama rages war against the King and wins
He is also known to be the sixth avatar of Vishnu just before Rama
A legendary king who brought mother Ganga to earth from heaven to earth to release his 60000 great-uncles from the curse of sage Kapila
He started this procedure by convincing River Ganga to flow, not convinced, Ganga asks Bhagiratha to ask shiva to hold the river and that the force will be too much for the earth to withstand
Shiva agrees and does the job by controlling the force and letting Ganga reach the earth safely
Again Sage Janhu drinks it, releasing it takes a lot of effort from Bhagiratha for Ganga to flow on the earth
So a part of Ganga is called a Bhagirathi
40. Ekalavya
Ekalavya was the adopted son of Hiranya Dhenu, who was an army commander in King Jarasandha
He with the desire of learning archery came to Drona in search of a guru
Drona does not consider him as his disciple, without getting disheartened, Ekalvya makes a statue of his revered guru
With great discipline and study, he learns from the idol of Drona
One day Arjuna sees a dog that cannot bark. When examined, he figures out that arrows would not be letting it bark.
The arrow construction would be contrived in such a way that it would not have harmed the animal too
Such was the capacity of Ekalavya, who offers his own right thumb for the sake of Drona in the form of Guru Dakshina
41. Manu
There are various meanings for Manu with a small change, if you hear the word Manu, it can be any of the following
Manu is the archetypal man or the first man. The Manav word of Sanskrit comes from the word Manu, the children of Manu
The fourteenth Kshatriya ruler whose presence will be cyclical, beginning with each Kalpa when the universe is born anew
According to Puranas, each Kalpa consists of fourteen Manvantaras and each Manvantara is headed by a different Manu, the present Manu is the seventh one
Everything mentioned above is mostly cyclic and is in one way or the other connected to the Indian Timing System
42. Dhanvantari
A Hindu god of medicine and one of the twenty-four avatars of Lord Vishnu
He is referred to as the god of Ayurveda who taught the lessons of Ayurveda to mankind
Dhanvantari is said to have incarnated from the ocean of milk, where he appears with the pot of amrita (elixir for immortality)
Dhanvantari is depicted with four hands and should look like Vishnu
His birthday, every year is celebrated two days before Deepavali, the Hindu festival of lights
43. Shibi
Shibi Chakravarti is said to be the son of Ushinara, a famous king of Lunar Dynasty at the same time as that of Trayarunya, from the Solar race, an ancestor of Lord Rama
Shibi had single-handedly conquered the entire world, performed Yajnas and was extremely charitable
He was renowned for his liberal beliefs and selflessness and is said to have saved Agni (transformed into Dove) from Indra (transformed into Hawk)
Agni is saved by Shibi Chakravarty by offering his own flesh to the Hawk
He is also said to have helped restore the king to heavens when he once encountered the spirit of Yayati
Sehwan in Pakistan was earlier known as Shibistan, named after Shibi
44. Rantideva
Rantideva is an ancient king who is known for his Daana Guna. His utmost important thing was to serve the citizens of his kingdom
Once, it so happened that his kingdom was struck by drought. He started serving the subjects especially women and children
A few days went by and the king realized that there was nothing with him to serve his subjects
He got some food after not having anything for eight days
When he attempted to eat, four people asked for his food
Very old Brahmin
A beggar
A sweeper with his dogs
A person by name Chandala
When he offered all that he had, pleased by this Maya appeared before him. As he was not interested in any worldly pleasures, he later went on to become a yogi
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